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The global, regional, and national burden of cirrhosis by cause in 195 countries and territories, 1990–2017: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2017

Summary Background Cirrhosis and other chronic liver diseases (collectively referred to as cirrhosis in this paper) are a major cause of morbidity and mortality globally, although the burden and underlying causes differ across locations and demographic groups. We report on results from the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study (GBD) 2017 on the burden of cirrhosis and its trends since 1990, by cause, sex, and age, for 195 countries and territories. Methods We used data from vital registrations, vital registration samples, and verbal autopsies to estimate mortality. We modelled prevalence of total, compensated, and decompensated cirrhosis on the basis of hospital and claims data. Disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) were calculated as the sum of years of life lost due to premature death and years lived with disability. Estimates are presented as numbers and age-standardised or age-specific rates per 100 000 population, with 95% uncertainty intervals (UIs). All estimates are presented for five causes of cirrhosis: hepatitis B, hepatitis C, alcohol-related liver disease, non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), and other causes. We compared mortality, prevalence, and DALY estimates with those expected according to the Socio-demographic Index (SDI) as a proxy for the development status of regions and countries.

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Coenzyme Q(10) supplemenA randomized, double-blind clinical trial studytation effects on lipid ratios in women with type 2 diabetes mellitus:

Abstract: Objective: This study had been designed to evaluate the effects of Coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) supplementation on the lipid ratios in women with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Materials and Methods: Sixty-eight women with T2DM were enrolled and randomly divided into two groups.While one group received 100mg/day ofCoQ10 supplementfor 12 weeks(n=34)the other was given placebo for the same time duration (n=34). Lipid profile including triglyceride (TG), total cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) were evaluated at the beginning and at the end of the intervention and lipid ratios were calculated. Results and Discussion: After the intervention, values of non-HDL-C (p=0.001), TG/HDL-C (p=0.03) and LDL-C/HDL-C (p=0.001) were significantly decreased in CoQ10 group. Values of HDL ratio (p=0.002) were increased significantly in CoQ10 group. Conclusion: This study showed that daily supplementation with 100 mg of CoQ10 in women with T2DM could improve some atherogenic lipid ratios that might be useful in preventing cardiovascular diseases in them.

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