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An Overview of Antimicrobial Peptides as Anticancer Agents

Cancer is one of the leading causes of death worldwide. Thus, it is important to find newer, more selective, and more effective therapies for this disease. One of these methods that have attracted many researchers is using anticancer peptides regarding their specificity, lower side effects, and higher effectiveness on the cancer cells. One type of anticancer peptides is antimicrobial peptides. Although they have already been studied and introduced as potential agents to fight infectious diseases, only recently they have been used as a new way of cancer treatment. For decades, antimicrobial peptides have been considered a component of the native immune system; however, they can also be used as anticancer peptides due to their mechanisms and properties. This new therapeutic approach can provide a promising pathway for optimal cancer treatment with fewer side effects.

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Adherence to lifestyle changes after coronary artery bypass graft:Outcome of preoperative peer education

bstract Objective: This study was done to investigate the effect of preoperative peer education on patients' adherence to medication and lifestyle changes after Coronary Artery Bypass Graft (CABG). Methods: In this randomized clinical trial, the peers of CABG patients conducted preoperative educational sessions at the ward in groups of 4-5 (n = 36) while the control group (n = 34) received routine education by a nurse. Adherence of both groups to medication and recommendations for lifestyle modification including physical activity, smoking, and diet was measured one and two months after discharge. Results: A multivariate analysis of co-variance showed the significant effect of peer education on adherence (F = 32.586, p < 0.001; eta(2) = 0.671). Univariate ANCOVA revealed a significant difference in adherence to diet between the two groups (F = 62.316, p = 0 0.0001; eta(2) = 0.482). Based on the repeated measures ANOVA, peer education significantly improved the CABG patients' adherence to diet (F = 55.373, p = 0.0001) and their total adherence (F = 9.911, p = 0.002) compared to the control group. Conclusion: Preoperative peer education had a significant effect on improving CABG patients' adherence to lifestyle changes after hospital discharge. Practice implication: Peer education can be used as an effective method to improve the CABG patients' adherence to lifestyle changes. (c) 2019 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

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